Planter and seeding-machine



H. FAR-MER.

PLANTEB AND SEEDING MACHINE.

No. 246,106. Patented Aug. 23,1881

N. PETERS. Phma-Likhngrzlphcr. Washington. D. c.

Uwrren STATES PATENT @rrrcao HENRY FARHER, OF RICHMOND, INDIANA.

PLANTER AND SEEDING-IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 246,106, dated August 23, 1881.

Application filed July 16, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY FARMER, of Richmond, in the county of Wayne and State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Planters and Seeding-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in corn-planters, having reference particularly to that part of the apparatus which prepares the ground for the reception of the seed and covers the seed when dropped.

Myinvention consists,essentially,in the combination, with a shoe and opener, of furrowcovering shares having their forward straight portions pivoted to studs upon the shoe and capable of vertical adjustment in connection with slotted studs thereon, while their rear portions are inclined downward in the direction of their length and curved inward toward each other, all ofwhich will be more fully hereinafter described in detail. 7

My invention also embraces other features of construction, which will be first described in detail, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

My invention is embodied in mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section taken through the seed-tube, shoe, and furrowopener. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the shoe and attachments apart from the carriage-frame. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of the shoe, taken through the bifurcation of the furrowopener in rear of the seed-tube. Figs. at and 5 are similar cross-sections of slightly-modified forms of the shoe, and Fig. 6 is a plan view of the furrow-opener detached from the shoe.

Similar letters of reference in the specification and drawings indicate similar parts.

The description of my improvements will be more readily understood in connection with the drawings, in which- A designates the shoe; B, an opening at the rear of the shoe corresponding with the opening through the bifurcated portion of the furrow-opener; G, the seed-dropping spout; D, the runner or furrowopener, and E E the covering-shares.

In ordinary corn-planters the shoe is generally a mere appendage to the furrow-opener friable clods of earth, and forces aside hard clods, stones, and other obstructions, leaving a clear path of pulverized earth behind it in a shallow furrow, in the center of which is the deeper furrow formed by the runner and furrow-opener D. The condition in which the shoe thus formed leaves the ground for the reception of the seed is most favorable for thoroughly covering the corn with wellpulverized earth by the covering-shares following after. This form alsopermits a thin andligh t construction without sacrificing necessary strength.

The runner and furrowcpener D is a blade disposed edgewise centrally upon the bottom of the shoe, turned up in front, and riveted or bolted to the shoe at that point. At the rear the runner is bifurcated to form a spreader, which opens beneath a corresponding recess or opening, B, at the rear of the shoe. The sides of the bifurcated portion are extended a little higher than the runner, so that in attaching the runner D to the shoe these extensions pass up within the recess 13, and are turned over the bottom of the shoe laterally, thus securing the runner at that point. The construction is shown in the cross-sectional views, Figs. 3 and et. Besides forming a very economical construction-the parts being separately made and easilyfitted together and held by a single bolt-it enables either the runner or the shoe to be renewed independently when worn out. The shoe and runner may, however, 'be cast together as one, as shown in the crossscction, Fig. 5, if preferred.

The shoe A is made sufficiently long and wide to sustain a frame carrying the seeding devices and the operator, when drawn over plowed ground, the weight of which is designed to cause the shoe to sink the furrow-opener to its full depth, and turn aside such obstructions as cannot be crushed and pulverized by the action of the shoe without changing the relative depth of the planting-furrow. The frame is supported above the shoe by the seed-tube O, which is for this purpose provided above and below with lateral flanges or cars for attachment to the frame and shoe, and is thus constituted a supporting-standard, the forward connection being made by a brace or bar in any convenient manner.

The covering-shares E E are blades extend ing rearward of the shoe and adjustably connected therewith in the following manner: At each side of the shoe, at or near the rear, are two vertical lugs, F F, the forward ones being perforated by circular bolt-holes, and the rear ones having vertical slots form ed therein. The shares E are pivoted at their forward ends to the forward set of lugs, and by means of bolts passing through the slots of the rear lugs and the shares the latter are rendered adjustable vertically. The outside surfaces of the rear lugs, F, are roughened or serrated, and washers with a similarly-serrated surface are interposed between the lngs and the nuts upon the adjusting-bolts of the shares, and the shares thus firmly held in the adjusted positions.

The lugs F may be cast with the shoe as part of it, or may be formed separately and secured by rivets or bolts, and instead of the vertical slot in the rear lugs, a series of holes disposed vertically may be formed therein, and a removable pin or bolt used to secure the covering-share, and the washer dispensed with.

The rear ends of the covering-shares are curved over toward the center a suflicient distance to accumulate soil to properly cover the seed. The adj ustability of the covering shares upon the shoe renders it possible to cover the seed to any desired depth, according to the character of the soil or desire of the user.

Having described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a corn-planter, the combination, with the shoe A and opener B, of the furrow-covering shares E, having their forward straight portions pivoted to studs upon the shoe, and capable of vertical adjustment in connection with slotted studs F thereon, while their rear portions are inclined downward in the direction of their length and curved inward toward each other, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the shoe A and opener B, of the furrow-coverers or shares E, having their straight portions pivoted to studs on the shoe, and their rear portions inclined downward in the direction of their length and curved inwardly toward each other, and the slotted studs F, having serrated or roughened surfaces, and bolts and nuts, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

HENRY FARMER.

i tnesscs:

It. F. RANKIN, H. ToWNsEND. 

